8.6
HIGH CVSS 4.0
CVE-2025-12026
WatchGuard Firebox Authenticated Out of Bounds Write in certd
Description

An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware OS’s certificate request command could allow an authenticated privileged user to execute arbitrary code via specially crafted CLI commands.This vulnerability affects Fireware OS 12.0 up to and including 12.11.4, 12.5 up to and including 12.5.13, and 2025.1 up to and including 2025.1.2.

INFO

Published Date :

Dec. 4, 2025, 10:15 p.m.

Last Modified :

Dec. 10, 2025, 3:41 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !

Source :

5d1c2695-1a31-4499-88ae-e847036fd7e3
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2025-12026 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

ID Vendor Product Action
1 Watchguard fireware
2 Watchguard firebox_m270
3 Watchguard firebox_m290
4 Watchguard firebox_m370
5 Watchguard firebox_m390
6 Watchguard firebox_m440
7 Watchguard firebox_m470
8 Watchguard firebox_m4800
9 Watchguard firebox_m570
10 Watchguard firebox_m5800
11 Watchguard firebox_m590
12 Watchguard firebox_m670
13 Watchguard firebox_m690
14 Watchguard firebox_t15
15 Watchguard firebox_t20
16 Watchguard firebox_t35
17 Watchguard firebox_t40
18 Watchguard firebox_t55
19 Watchguard firebox_t70
20 Watchguard firebox_t80
21 Watchguard fireboxcloud
22 Watchguard fireboxv
23 Watchguard fireware_os
24 Watchguard firebox_m4600
25 Watchguard firebox_m5600
26 Watchguard firebox_nv5
27 Watchguard firebox_t25
28 Watchguard firebox_t45
29 Watchguard firebox_t85
30 Watchguard firebox_t115-w
31 Watchguard firebox_t125
32 Watchguard firebox_t125-w
33 Watchguard firebox_t145
34 Watchguard firebox_t145-w
35 Watchguard firebox_t185
CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 3.1 HIGH [email protected]
CVSS 4.0 HIGH 5d1c2695-1a31-4499-88ae-e847036fd7e3
CVSS 4.0 HIGH 5d1c2695-1a31-4499-88ae-e847036fd7e3
Solution
Apply WatchGuard patches for Fireware OS to fix out-of-bounds write and code execution.
  • Update Fireware OS to a patched version.
  • Apply WatchGuard security advisories.
  • Restrict privileged user access.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2025-12026.

URL Resource
https://www.watchguard.com/wgrd-psirt/advisory/wgsa-2025-00017 Vendor Advisory
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2025-12026 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2025-12026 weaknesses.

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2025-12026 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

  • CybersecurityNews
Critical WatchGuard Firebox Vulnerabilities Let Attackers Bypass Integrity Checks and Inject Malicious Codes

Critical security alerts have been issued for Firebox firewall devices due to serious ten vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities in WatchGuard, disclosed on December 4, 2025, span multiple severity leve ... Read more

Published Date: Dec 08, 2025 (1 week, 1 day ago)
  • Daily CyberSecurity
High-Severity WatchGuard Flaws Risk VPN DoS and RCE via IKEv2 Memory Corruption

WatchGuard Technologies has released a critical series of security advisories addressing five high-severity vulnerabilities across its Firebox product line. The flaws, which affect the Fireware OS, co ... Read more

Published Date: Dec 08, 2025 (1 week, 1 day ago)

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2025-12026 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • Initial Analysis by [email protected]

    Dec. 10, 2025

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
    Added CPE Configuration AND OR *cpe:2.3:o:watchguard:fireware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 2025.1 up to (excluding) 2025.1.3 OR cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_t115-w:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_t125:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_t125-w:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_t145:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_t145-w:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_t185:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Added CPE Configuration AND OR *cpe:2.3:o:watchguard:fireware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 12.0.0 up to (excluding) 12.11.5 OR cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_t55:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_t70:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_t20:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_t40:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_t80:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_m440:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_m270:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_m370:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_m470:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_m570:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_m670:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_m290:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_m390:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_m590:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_m690:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_m4800:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_m5800:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:fireboxcloud:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:fireboxv:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_m4600:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_m5600:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_nv5:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_t25:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_t45:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_t85:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Added CPE Configuration AND OR *cpe:2.3:o:watchguard:fireware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions from (including) 12.5 up to (excluding) 12.5.14 OR cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_t15:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:h:watchguard:firebox_t35:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    Added Reference Type WatchGuard Technologies, Inc.: https://www.watchguard.com/wgrd-psirt/advisory/wgsa-2025-00017 Types: Vendor Advisory
  • New CVE Received by 5d1c2695-1a31-4499-88ae-e847036fd7e3

    Dec. 04, 2025

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description An Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware OS’s certificate request command could allow an authenticated privileged user to execute arbitrary code via specially crafted CLI commands.This vulnerability affects Fireware OS 12.0 up to and including 12.11.4, 12.5 up to and including 12.5.13, and 2025.1 up to and including 2025.1.2.
    Added CVSS V4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
    Added CWE CWE-787
    Added Reference https://www.watchguard.com/wgrd-psirt/advisory/wgsa-2025-00017
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.
Vulnerability Scoring Details
Base CVSS Score: 8.6
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Attack Requirements
Privileges Required
User Interaction
VS Confidentiality
VS Integrity
VS Availability
SS Confidentiality
SS Integrity
SS Availability
Base CVSS Score: 7.2
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Privileges Required
User Interaction
Scope
Confidentiality Impact
Integrity Impact
Availability Impact