CVE-2025-65548
Cashu NUT Token Preimage Hash Validation Vulnerability
Description
NUT-14 allows cashu tokens to be created with a preimage hash. However, nutshell (cashubtc/nuts) before 0.18.0 do not validate the size of preimage when the token is spent. The preimage is stored by the mint and attacker can exploit this vulnerability to fill the mint's db nd disk with arbitrary data.
INFO
Published Date :
Dec. 8, 2025, 7:15 p.m.
Last Modified :
Dec. 15, 2025, 3:56 p.m.
Remotely Exploit :
Yes !
Source :
[email protected]
CVSS Scores
| Score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability Score | Impact Score | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | CRITICAL | 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0 |
Solution
- Update nutshell to version 0.18.0 or later.
- Apply relevant security patches if available.
- Monitor database and disk space usage.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools
Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth
information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to
CVE-2025-65548.
| URL | Resource |
|---|---|
| https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5564329 | Exploit Issue Tracking |
| https://delvingbitcoin.org/t/public-disclosure-denial-of-service-using-htlc-in-cashu/2090 | Broken Link |
| https://github.com/cashubtc/nuts/blob/main/07.md | Exploit Third Party Advisory |
| https://github.com/cashubtc/nuts/blob/main/14.md | Exploit Third Party Advisory |
| https://github.com/jamesob/delving-bitcoin-archive/blob/master/archive/rendered-topics/2025-11-November/2025-11-02-public-disclosure-denial-of-service-using-htlc-in-cashu-id2090.md | Exploit Third Party Advisory |
| https://preimage007.github.io/ | Product |
| https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5564329 | Exploit Issue Tracking |
| https://github.com/jamesob/delving-bitcoin-archive/blob/master/archive/rendered-topics/2025-11-November/2025-11-02-public-disclosure-denial-of-service-using-htlc-in-cashu-id2090.md | Exploit Third Party Advisory |
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration
While CVE identifies
specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or
weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2025-65548 is
associated with the following CWEs:
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)
Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification
(CAPEC)
stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and
approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2025-65548
weaknesses.
We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).
Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.
The following list is the news that have been mention
CVE-2025-65548 vulnerability anywhere in the article.
The following table lists the changes that have been made to the
CVE-2025-65548 vulnerability over time.
Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.
-
Reanalysis by [email protected]
Dec. 15, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Changed CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:cashubtc:nutshell:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 0.18.0 OR *cpe:2.3:a:cashu:nutshell:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 0.18.0 -
Initial Analysis by [email protected]
Dec. 12, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CPE Configuration OR *cpe:2.3:a:cashubtc:nutshell:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* versions up to (excluding) 0.18.0 Added Reference Type MITRE: https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5564329 Types: Exploit, Issue Tracking Added Reference Type MITRE: https://delvingbitcoin.org/t/public-disclosure-denial-of-service-using-htlc-in-cashu/2090 Types: Broken Link Added Reference Type MITRE: https://github.com/cashubtc/nuts/blob/main/07.md Types: Exploit, Third Party Advisory Added Reference Type MITRE: https://github.com/cashubtc/nuts/blob/main/14.md Types: Exploit, Third Party Advisory Added Reference Type MITRE: https://github.com/jamesob/delving-bitcoin-archive/blob/master/archive/rendered-topics/2025-11-November/2025-11-02-public-disclosure-denial-of-service-using-htlc-in-cashu-id2090.md Types: Exploit, Third Party Advisory Added Reference Type MITRE: https://preimage007.github.io/ Types: Product Added Reference Type CISA-ADP: https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5564329 Types: Exploit, Issue Tracking Added Reference Type CISA-ADP: https://github.com/jamesob/delving-bitcoin-archive/blob/master/archive/rendered-topics/2025-11-November/2025-11-02-public-disclosure-denial-of-service-using-htlc-in-cashu-id2090.md Types: Exploit, Third Party Advisory -
CVE Modified by 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0
Dec. 11, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N Added CWE CWE-1284 Added Reference https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5564329 Added Reference https://github.com/jamesob/delving-bitcoin-archive/blob/master/archive/rendered-topics/2025-11-November/2025-11-02-public-disclosure-denial-of-service-using-htlc-in-cashu-id2090.md -
New CVE Received by [email protected]
Dec. 08, 2025
Action Type Old Value New Value Added Description NUT-14 allows cashu tokens to be created with a preimage hash. However, nutshell (cashubtc/nuts) before 0.18.0 do not validate the size of preimage when the token is spent. The preimage is stored by the mint and attacker can exploit this vulnerability to fill the mint's db nd disk with arbitrary data. Added Reference https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5564329 Added Reference https://delvingbitcoin.org/t/public-disclosure-denial-of-service-using-htlc-in-cashu/2090 Added Reference https://github.com/cashubtc/nuts/blob/main/07.md Added Reference https://github.com/cashubtc/nuts/blob/main/14.md Added Reference https://github.com/jamesob/delving-bitcoin-archive/blob/master/archive/rendered-topics/2025-11-November/2025-11-02-public-disclosure-denial-of-service-using-htlc-in-cashu-id2090.md Added Reference https://preimage007.github.io/