8.2
HIGH CVSS 3.1
CVE-2026-22817
JWT Algorithm Confusion via Unsafe Default (HS256) in Hono JWT Middleware Allows Token Forgery and Auth Bypass
Description

Hono is a Web application framework that provides support for any JavaScript runtime. Prior to 4.11.4, there is a flaw in Hono’s JWK/JWKS JWT verification middleware allowed the JWT header’s alg value to influence signature verification when the selected JWK did not explicitly specify an algorithm. This could enable JWT algorithm confusion and, in certain configurations, allow forged tokens to be accepted. As part of this fix, the JWT middleware now requires the alg option to be explicitly specified. This prevents algorithm confusion by ensuring that the verification algorithm is not derived from untrusted JWT header values. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.11.4.

INFO

Published Date :

Jan. 13, 2026, 8:16 p.m.

Last Modified :

Jan. 13, 2026, 8:16 p.m.

Remotely Exploit :

Yes !
Affected Products

The following products are affected by CVE-2026-22817 vulnerability. Even if cvefeed.io is aware of the exact versions of the products that are affected, the information is not represented in the table below.

No affected product recoded yet

CVSS Scores
The Common Vulnerability Scoring System is a standardized framework for assessing the severity of vulnerabilities in software and systems. We collect and displays CVSS scores from various sources for each CVE.
Score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Score Impact Score Source
CVSS 3.1 HIGH [email protected]
CVSS 3.1 HIGH MITRE-CVE
Solution
Update Hono to version 4.11.4 or later to resolve JWT verification issues.
  • Update Hono to version 4.11.4 or later.
  • Ensure JWT middleware explicitly specifies the alg option.
  • Review and validate all JWT verification configurations.
References to Advisories, Solutions, and Tools

Here, you will find a curated list of external links that provide in-depth information, practical solutions, and valuable tools related to CVE-2026-22817.

URL Resource
https://github.com/honojs/hono/commit/cc0aa7ae327ed84cc391d29086dec2a3e44e7a1f
https://github.com/honojs/hono/security/advisories/GHSA-f67f-6cw9-8mq4
CWE - Common Weakness Enumeration

While CVE identifies specific instances of vulnerabilities, CWE categorizes the common flaws or weaknesses that can lead to vulnerabilities. CVE-2026-22817 is associated with the following CWEs:

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC)

Common Attack Pattern Enumeration and Classification (CAPEC) stores attack patterns, which are descriptions of the common attributes and approaches employed by adversaries to exploit the CVE-2026-22817 weaknesses.

We scan GitHub repositories to detect new proof-of-concept exploits. Following list is a collection of public exploits and proof-of-concepts, which have been published on GitHub (sorted by the most recently updated).

Results are limited to the first 15 repositories due to potential performance issues.

The following list is the news that have been mention CVE-2026-22817 vulnerability anywhere in the article.

The following table lists the changes that have been made to the CVE-2026-22817 vulnerability over time.

Vulnerability history details can be useful for understanding the evolution of a vulnerability, and for identifying the most recent changes that may impact the vulnerability's severity, exploitability, or other characteristics.

  • New CVE Received by [email protected]

    Jan. 13, 2026

    Action Type Old Value New Value
    Added Description Hono is a Web application framework that provides support for any JavaScript runtime. Prior to 4.11.4, there is a flaw in Hono’s JWK/JWKS JWT verification middleware allowed the JWT header’s alg value to influence signature verification when the selected JWK did not explicitly specify an algorithm. This could enable JWT algorithm confusion and, in certain configurations, allow forged tokens to be accepted. As part of this fix, the JWT middleware now requires the alg option to be explicitly specified. This prevents algorithm confusion by ensuring that the verification algorithm is not derived from untrusted JWT header values. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.11.4.
    Added CVSS V3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N
    Added CWE CWE-347
    Added Reference https://github.com/honojs/hono/commit/cc0aa7ae327ed84cc391d29086dec2a3e44e7a1f
    Added Reference https://github.com/honojs/hono/security/advisories/GHSA-f67f-6cw9-8mq4
EPSS is a daily estimate of the probability of exploitation activity being observed over the next 30 days. Following chart shows the EPSS score history of the vulnerability.
Vulnerability Scoring Details
Base CVSS Score: 8.2
Attack Vector
Attack Complexity
Privileges Required
User Interaction
Scope
Confidentiality Impact
Integrity Impact
Availability Impact